Dar-ul-Ifta Ahl al-Sunnat
Mufti Fuzayl Raza Attari Madani
1. Sadaqa-tul-Fitr not paid prior to Eid Salah
Q: What do the scholars of Islam and the Muftis of the mighty Shari'ah say about the following matter: If a person did not pay Sadaqa-tul-Fitr on the day of Eid, before the Eid Salah, and many days have passed, then what is the ruling? Also, please shed light on whether he will be sinful due to delaying its payment.
Bint Abdur Rahman (New Karachi)
بِسْمِ اللّٰہِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِیْمِ
اَلْجَوَابُ بِعَوْنِ الْمَلِکِ الْوَھَّابِ اَللّٰھُمَّ ھِدَایَۃ الْحَقِّ وَالصَّوَابِ
A: As soon as true dawn (subh sadiq) enters on the day of Eid, it becomes mandatory (wājib) for eligible people, who meet the financial threshold, to pay Sadaqa-tul-Fitr. The actual payment can be made at any point in one’s life, although it is better and a sunnah to pay it on the day of Eid before Eid salah. Hence, if a person did not pay it before Eid Salah, he must still pay it, even if after a long time has elapsed. Rather, the ruling is that he must fulfil this mandatory act. Whenever he pays it during his lifetime, it will be deemed as “fulfilled on time,” (adāʾ) and not a “late payment” (qaḍāʾ). Nonetheless, although he will not be sinful for delaying the payment, it is disliked (makrūh tanzīhī) and better to avoid.
وَاللہُ اَعْلَمُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ وَ رَسُوْلُہٗ اَعْلَم صلَّی اللہ علیہ واٰلہٖ وسلَّم
2. The congregation and the takbīrs of Janazah Salah
Q: What do the scholars of Islam and the Muftis of the mighty Shari'ah say about the following matter: Is it necessary for the congregation (those praying behind the Imam) to say the takbīrs in Janazah Salah? If the Muqtadi deems the takbīrs of the Imam to be sufficient and does not say them himself, what will be the ruling regarding the Janazah Salah of the Muqtadi?
Abdur Rahman (Resham Galli, Hyderabad)
بِسْمِ اللّٰہِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِیْمِ
اَلْجَوَابُ بِعَوْنِ الْمَلِکِ الْوَھَّابِ اَللّٰھُمَّ ھِدَایَۃ الْحَقِّ وَالصَّوَابِ
A: It is Fard to say the takbīrs in the Janazah Salah; omitting them causes the Janazah Salah to become invalid. Therefore, in the aforementioned scenario, it is also Fard for the Muqtadi to say the takbīrs. If the Muqtadi leaves the takbīrs, thinking that the takbīrs of the Imam will suffice, his Janazah Salah will become invalid.
وَاللہُ اَعْلَمُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ وَ رَسُوْلُہٗ اَعْلَم صلَّی اللہ علیہ واٰلہٖ وسلَّم
3. Taking back owed money in accordance to the current value of the dollar
Q: What do the scholars of Islam and the Muftis of the mighty Shari'ah say about the following matter: Zayd borrowed 200,000 rupees from Bakr a few years ago. At the time of giving the loan, nothing was agreed between the two parties regarding how the loan will be repaid. Now, when the time to return the money has arrived, Bakr demands that as the rate of the dollar has increased, he wants his money back in accordance to the dollar. Is it Islamically correct for Bakr to demand this, and is it now necessary for Zayd to return the money whilst keeping in mind the rate of the dollar?
Abdul Wahid (Gulistan Johar, Karachi)
بِسْمِ اللّٰہِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِیْمِ
اَلْجَوَابُ بِعَوْنِ الْمَلِکِ الْوَھَّابِ اَللّٰھُمَّ ھِدَایَۃ الْحَقِّ وَالصَّوَابِ
A: The Shar’i principle is that only fungible goods (i.e., replaceable by another identical item) can be loaned, and at the time of repaying the loan, something similar to the borrowed thing will be given; its value increasing or decreasing is not taken into account. Therefore, in the abovementioned situation, as Bakr had lent 200,000 rupees to Zayd, which are fungible items, Zayd is only obliged to payback 200,000 rupees, and it is not permissible for Bakr to demand repayment in dollars or in accordance with the value of the dollar.
Hypothetically speaking, even if they had stipulated that the 200,000 rupees would be repaid in dollars or in accordance with the value of the dollar, it would still not be permissible because this condition would be invalid; it would only be necessary upon the borrower to return 200,000 rupees.
وَاللہُ اَعْلَمُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ وَ رَسُوْلُہٗ اَعْلَم صلَّی اللہ علیہ واٰلہٖ وسلَّم
4. Renting out goods for weddings and other occasions
Q: What do the scholars of Islam and the Muftis of the mighty Shari'ah say about the following matter: On weddings and other occasions, I rent out electrical equipment, like fans, AC systems, generators, and lights. On some weddings, during mehndi celebrations, there is free mixing between men and women, singing, and dancing, and there are women who are dressed immodestly; is it permissible for me to rent out equipment for these weddings and to take a fee for that?
بِسْمِ اللّٰہِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِیْمِ
اَلْجَوَابُ بِعَوْنِ الْمَلِکِ الْوَھَّابِ اَللّٰھُمَّ ھِدَایَۃ الْحَقِّ وَالصَّوَابِ
A: In the above-mentioned case, it will permissible and halal for you to rent out fans, AC systems, generators, lights, and similar equipment on weddings and other occasions, and you are permitted to take a fee for it. This is because the fee is in lieu of the equipment, and there is no sin in this. If there is singing, dancing, or other impermissible things taking place in the wedding, then this is their own action and those who commit these sins will be responsible, not you. However, if you made the intention of aiding them in their sins, then due to your intention, you will also be sinful. Therefore, it is necessary for you to not have an intention of aiding in a sin.
وَاللہُ اَعْلَمُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ وَ رَسُوْلُہٗ اَعْلَم صلَّی اللہ علیہ واٰلہٖ وسلَّم
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