Ruling on offering Salah being led by someone who gets his beard shaved
Question 1: What do respected Islamic scholars say about the following issue? If a person shaves his beard or shortens it less than a fist-length, so what is the ruling on offering Salah being led by him? Please guide us about it. (Questioner: A reader of Mahnamah Faizan-e-Madinah)
بِسْمِ اللّٰہِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِیْمِ
اَلْجَوَابُ بِعَوْنِ الْمَلِکِ الْوَھَّابِ اَللّٰھُمَّ ھِدَایَۃَ الْحَقِّ وَالصَّوَابِ
Growing the beard up to the full fist-length is Wajib and shaving it or shortening it less than a fist-length are both Haraam and sins. One doing so is Faasiq-e-Mu’lin [open transgressor] and making an open transgressor the Imam or offering Salah being led by him is Makruh Tahreemi, i.e. it is a sin to offer it. If offered, so such a Salah is Wajib to be repeated. It is stated in the book Ghuniyyah: ‘لو قدموا فاسقا یأثمون بناء علی أن کراھۃ تقدیمہ کراھۃ تحریم’ if a transgressor is preferred [to lead Salah], so they will be sinners on the ground that it is Makruh Tahreemi to prefer a transgressor. (Ghunya-tul-Mutamalli, pp. 513)
It is stated in Fatawa Razawiyyah: Having the beard shaved or trimmed to the extent that it is shorter than the Shari’ah-fixed limit, are both Haraam and transgression. And, obviously, this transgression is also quite open. It is as if the word “transgressor” is clearly inscribed onto the faces of such people. Therefore, it is forbidden and sin for an open transgressor to lead the Salah. (Fatawa Razawiyyah, vol. 6, pp. 505)
وَاللہُ اَعْلَمُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ وَ رَسُوْلُہ اَعْلَم صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ واٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم
Ruling on hearing Quran during menses
Question 2: What do respected Islamic scholars say about the following issue? Is a woman who is suffering from menses, allowed to hear the recitation of the Holy Quran or not? And if she hears the Ayah of Sajdah, will Sajdah of the recitation of the Holy Quran be obligatory for her or not? (Questioner: An Islamic sister)
بِسْمِ اللّٰہِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِیْمِ
اَلْجَوَابُ بِعَوْنِ الْمَلِکِ الْوَھَّابِ اَللّٰھُمَّ ھِدَایَۃَ الْحَقِّ وَالصَّوَابِ
A woman, who is suffering from menses, is allowed to listen to the recitation of the Holy Quran. What she is not allowed is to recite the Holy Quran and to touch it without anything in between her hand and the Holy Quran. Listening to the Holy Quran has not been forbidden by anyone. Moreover, if any woman suffering from menses hears the Ayah of Sajdah, so Sajdah of the recitation of the Holy Quran will not be Wajib for her. This is because the Sajdah of the recitation of Quran becomes Wajib for the hearing person[1] when he is in such a condition in which Salah is Wajib for him. And the woman suffering from menses is not in a condition in which Salah becomes Wajib, i.e. neither it is Fard for her to offer Salah during the days of menses nor is it Fard for her to offer those Salahs as Qada later on. It is stated in Fatawa Tatar Khaaniyah:
وکل من لا یجب علیہ الصلاۃ و لاقضا ؤھا کالحائض والنفساء والکافر والصبی والمجنون فلا سجود علیھم، و کذالک الحکم فی حق السامع، من کان أھلا لوجوب الصلاۃ علیہ یلزمہ السجدۃ بالسماع ومن لا یکون أھلا لا یلزمہ
If Salah is not Fard for a person and the Qada of the Salah is not also Fard for him, so the Sajdah of the recitation of the Holy Quran is not also Wajib for him; for example, the woman suffering from menses or post-natal bleeding or a disbeliever or a non-pubescent[2] child or a mad person. The same ruling applies to the person hearing the Ayah of Sajdah. If he is in a condition when Salah is Wajib for him, so the Sajdah of the recitation of the Holy Quran will become Wajib for him upon hearing the Ayah of Sajdah. And if a person is not in the condition when Salah becomes Wajib, so the Sajdah of the recitation of the Holy Quran will not become Wajib for him upon hearing the Ayah of Sajdah. (Fatawa Tatar Khaaniyah, vol. 2, pp. 466)
In the book ‘Bahar-e-Shari’at’, a leading scholar of Shari’ah, Mufti Amjad Ali A’zami رَحْمَةُ اللہِ تَعَالٰی عَلَيْه stated: For a woman who is suffering from menses or post-natal bleeding, it is Haraam to recite the Holy Quran whether by seeing it or verbally. It is also Haraam for her to touch the Holy Quran, its cover or covering and footnote, using her hand or the tip of the finger or any part of the body. (Bahar-e-Shari’at, vol. 1, pp. 379)
وَاللہُ اَعْلَمُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ وَ رَسُوْلُہ اَعْلَم صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ واٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم
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